Oil-burning apparatus



Jllxvne 17, 1930. H. s. ROGERS ET AL l,'264,984

oIL BRNING APPARATUS Filed Nov, 2g., 1924 2 sheets-sheet 1LV BY @MW June'17, 1930. f H. s. ROGERS ET AL y764934 OIL BRNING- APPARATUS Filed Nov. 22, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 17, `1930 UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE' HOHER S. ROGERS AND RICHARD RADDATZ, 0F FIIIWAUKE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOBS TO COMBUSTION FUEL OIL BURNER-COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A

CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN OIL-BURNING APPARATUS application mea November 22, 1924. seran No. 751,455.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burning apparatus and more particularly to apparatus of this character wherein ignition of the electric,.pilot light, or other types is employed. v

Itehas become vquite common toignite the e oil in apparatus of this class by means of a r spark plug, the electrodes of which project into the path of the fuell or oil spray. In burning heavy oil, short circuiting of the lplug through carbonization'of the electrodes thereof frequently results, giving rise to seri- Aous trouble as is well known to those skilled in the art; also with ignition of the pilot light type many disadvantages are encoun- --tered as a result of the pilot remaining in the ame of the burner.

One Iobject of the present invention is to' provide means in apparatus of the class described for automatically removing the electrodes or other form of igniting means from the fuel or oil spray after the lattenhas been ignited, thus eliminating the` disadvantages above pointed out. j vOther objects and advantages of the invention wil1-be apparent from a readingof the following specification taken in. connection with the accompanying drawings wherein several forms of the lnvention are illustrated. In the drawingsf Fig. 1 illustrates onel embodiment of the present invention operativelyassociated with an oil burner, certain of the parts being shown elevation, while others are shown 'in section; v y 'l Fig. 2 is`a somewhat diagrammatic view of another embodiment; and Y .Figure 3 is a view similar to Figur 1, showing ignition circuit controlling mecha'- nism combined with, and controlled by, the fluid ressure motor.

a Re erring more in detail` to the drawings,l lO'designates the spray nozzle of the oil burning apparatus and is supplied with oil through pipe 11a and air under pressure through a suitable pipe line 11 in the usual manner. The end of the spray nozzle 10 is inclosed within a confined casing or sleeve 12 open at its opposite ends. The electrodes13 50 of Aspark plug 14project laterally through which seats. loosely upon upstanding neck `valve 27 which projects through one wall of one wall of the casing or sleeve 12 and into the path of the' fuel or oil spray issuing from the nozzle 10. The spark vplug is provided with an enlarged portion 15 at its lower end 55 16 of sleeve 12 surrounding the openino'" through which the electrodes project an this enlarged portion 15 of the spark plug is provided with a laterally extending arm 17 engaged intermediate its .ends by a downwardly extending push Jrod 18. recipro'cally mounted through apertured ears or guides 19 carried by the sleeve 12. The outer end of the arm 17 is provided with a counter-balancing weight 2,0 serving to locate the center of gravity of the combined spark plug and arm in substantial alignment with the up ward thrust of push rod 18 so as to facilitate the elevation of the spark plug and the withdrawal of the electrodes from the spray in the manner to be hereinafter described.

According' to the present invention a lportion of the air used in connection with the burner is free to flow into passage 21 formed in the casing 22 of affluid actuated motor 23, said passage 21 being connected for this purpose to the main pipe line 11 leading to the spray nozzle 10 by means of va connecting pipe 24. As is well lmown, the air fed to the burner is maintained runder ressure andr 80 as a result a certain amount o air will be forced through port 25 which forms a communication between the passage 2l and a chamber 26. Port 25 is controlled by needle the casing and is formed at' its outer end for engagement byy a suitable tool for adjustment purposes. i

`The luidmotor comprises a flexible diaphragm 28 suitably mounted in a chamber formed inA the casing 22 inA advance. of the vneedle valve previously described, this flexiblediaphragm being provided with a steml 29 which projects through aperture 30 formed in the adjacent outer ,wall ofthe casing. A bell-crank lever 31 pivoted at,32-.to a lug 33 carried bythe casing is' maintained in constant engagement with stem 29 of thel fluid motor by means of weight 34. The

lower end of the bellcrank lever is connected 100 by connecting rod 35 with one arm 36 of a second bell-crank lever 37.which is pivoted as at 38 to a bracket 39 carried by the sleeve 12 of the burner. The connecting rod is adjustable as shgown. T he arm 40 ofconnecting rod 37 engages the lower end of push rod 18 previously described.

Thus it will be apparent that when the burner is turnedon and needle valve 27 suit# ably adjusted air will flow through port 25 and'will gradually build up in the chamber 26. During this building up4 of the air pressure in chamber 26 the flexible diaphragm of the Huid motor will be in its normal position built up sufficiently it will actuate the Huid motor forcing the flexible diaphragm outwardly causing the depending arm of bellcrank lever 31 to swing to the right as viewed f in the drawings, this in' turn causing bellcrank lever 37 to be moved in a clock-wise direction thereby elevating pushrod 18 together with the spark plug 14 to the position shown in'dotted lines in the drawings. This results in the removal of the electrodes 13- from the fuel or oil spray.

The spark plug after having beenv elevated as just described will be maintained in such position aslong as the .burner is in operation. When the burner is shut off the air in chamber 2 6 will be vented out through the nozzle, whereupon the bell-crank lever 31 by reason of weight 34 carried thereby will be moved to its normal position returning diaphragm 28 at the same time and permitting the spark plug to return by gravity to its igniting posiion.

It is desired to explain at this point that the nozzle in oil burning apparatus such as now used is always open when'the burner shuts down, the control being effected at a point remote from. the burner and incidentally also beyond the coupling 41 through which the fluid motor of thepresent apparatus connects with the air pipe line.

If desired, the port 25 may be so restricted as to produce the desired retarded action of the diaphragm 28 and subsequent removal of the electrodes from the oil spray without the provision of the storage chamber 26. In other words, as will readily appear tothose skilled in the art, the apparatus may be so designed as to render unnecessary the use of the storage. chamber for effecting the retarded action of the Huid motor.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, 46 designates the air line to the burner. 47 designates the cylinder of a fluid motor connected by means of conduit 48 to the mai-n air line 45. The sleeve for confining thev raise the latter as the pressure-builds up. The

air ahead of the piston will be compressed .gradually in the space 52 of the cylinder, said air escapingslowly, however, through an adjustable needle valve 53. This produces the desired retarded action 0r travel of the piston so that the ignition means will not be removed from the fuel issuing from the burner until ample time has been allowed for ignition to take ,place Piston rod 54 depends from the piston through the adjacent end head of 'the cylinder and is provided at its lower end with a longitudinally adjustable ball or the like 55. .Intermediate the member 55 and the head of the cylinder, the rod 54 passes through an opening provided in one end of a lever 56 pivoted as at 57 to a lug or the like 58 carried by the cylinder head. l

At a certain point in the upward travel of the piston the ball 55 engages lever 56 causing the outer end thereof to be rocked downwardly, which end is connected in any suitable manner as, for instance, by rod or the like 59 with one end of a lever 60 pivoted as at 61 to lug 62 carried by sleeve 49. The other end'of levei` 60 is attached to the spa-rk plug 50. Thus, as lever 56 is rocked through the upward travel of piston 51, lever 60 will be rocked in such wise as to effect an elevation of the plug 50 and a removal of the electrodes thereof from :the flame.

It will be obvious that instead of moving the electrodes out of the fuel spray after the latter has been ignited, said electrodes might be stationary and the spray moved either by moving the nozzle or by merely deflecting the spray. Thus, in its broadest aspect the invention contemplates rendering v the spray and electrodes relatively movable to effect separation thereof after ignition takes place, whether as above explained this be effected by moving the electrodes out of the spray or by causing the spray to be moved away from the electrodes.

Furthermore, the invention is not restricted to an operation of the fluid motor by means of airderived from the oil burning system nor in fact is it limited to a fluid motor of any kind for effecting the separation of the eo ated thereby for raising the spark plug to electrodes from the fuel or vice versa. JObviously, the actuating device might be operated 'from a source other than the air supply of the system, or if desired, other forms or types of mechanism might be employed` in lieu of a fluid actuated device such as show in the drawings. X. 'r f While ignition means of the electrode type has been shown in the drawings, this has been done for illustrative purposes only and it is not 'desired to limit .or restrict the invention in this particular. As explained at the outset of the specification, the present improvements are of broader adaptation, removal of igniting means of any of the various ,types being Within the contemplation of the invention and many of the appended claims have been expressly drawn to cover the invention broadly in this respect.

In Fig. 3 means is disclosed for automatically breaking -the ignition circuit to the,

spark plug each time the latter vis removed from Jthe fuel spray and again making or completing such circuit upon the return of the v plug to igniting position.-

' Referring in detail tothis figure of the drawings,'l a fluid actuated motor of the diaphragm type is shownv at 70. The bell crank i :lever71 contacts with the end of uthe protrudingstem 72 of the motor and is actuinoperative positionin the manner hereinbefore described in connection with the embodiment of the invention shown inFig. 1. An electrical contact member 73 is attached to the casing of the'motor as shown and forms one terminal ofthe ignition circuit, not shown.

Y The other terminal of the ignitioncircuit is f move the spark 'breakin the shown at 74 and is carried by the bell crank lever 71and is movable with the latter to make or break the circuit.

In the drawings the contact member 74 is carried by a spring pressed lunger 7 5 slidably mounted in a cylinder 6 which latter is screw-threadly mounted in a suitab e opening 77 provided in the lever 71 immeidately `above the contact member 73. This mounting of cylinder 76 permits of adjustment so that the proper relative position of the con- -tacts 73 and 74 ma be accurately efected.

The'other parts o Figure-3, such as the burner nozzle, the sleeve therefor, piping connections, spark plug and associatedv parts, 'are ythe same as shown in Figure 1 and bear the same reference numerals.

From the foregoing it will be obvious that upon actuation ofthe'motor to raise or `re, lug out of the fuel spray, contacts 73 and B74 will -be separated, thus ignition circuit.- Upon the eX- uid ressure from the motor haust o the 'and the return of t e parts to normal position, the contacts 73 and 7 4 will again engage drawings a certain form and arrangement of not as defining limitations. It will also be.

obvious from the foregoing that a similar scheme might be devised for automaticall vcontrolling the iiow of gas or other fuel to lighters of the pilot'light type. V

.Frm the foregoing it will be apparent that the present improvements are susceptible of many changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, and accordingly it is not desired to limit or restrict the same to the particular form or arrangement of parts Villustrated in the drawings, except where limitations appear in. the appended claims.

The invention claimed is:

1. In oil'burning apparatus, a spray nozzle, means for supplying oil to said nozzle, means for supplying air to said nozzle, means in the path of' the spray issuing from said nozzle for igniting the same, and means actuated by the air fed to said nozzle for automatically removing said igniting means from said spray after the latter has been ignited.

2. In oil burning apparatus, a spray nozzle, a spar plug for igniting the. fuel issuing therefrom, the electrodes of said plug normally projecting into the path of said spray, "a conduit for supplying air under pressure to said nozzle, a Huid pressure motor, a port so L providing communicationbetween said con- 1 duit and 'said motor,and means associatedo zle, a spark plug for igniting the fuel isl suing therefrom, the electrodes of saidl plug normally projecting into the path of said spray, a conduit for supplying air under pressure to said nozzle, a fluid pressure motor, a port providing communication between said conduitv and said motor, means associated with said motor and actuated thereby for moving theelectrodes of said plug out of the path of said spray at a predetermined t'me after the fuel starts to flow, and means or returning said parts to normal position upon release of the pressure in said conduit. 1

4. In oil burnin apparatus, a spraynozzle, a spark plug or igniting the fuel issuing therefrom, the electrodes of said plug normally projecting into the path of isaid spray, a conduit for supplyingl air under pressure to said nozzle, a fluid pressure motor, a port Aproviding communication between said conduit and said motor, adjustable means for val after the flow of combustible mixture restricting said port, and means associated with said motor and actuated thereby for moving the electrodes of said plug out of the path of said spray at a predetermined time after the fuel starts to flow.

5,. In oil burning apparatus, a nozzle adapted to emit a spray of atomized fuel, means for igniting same, and means controlled by the atomizing component of the spray for removing the lgnition means therefrom after ignition takes place.

6. In oil burning apparatus, Va spray nozzle, a spark plug for igniting the fuel issuing therefrom, the electrodes of said plug'normally projecting into the path of said spray, pressure controlled means for elevating said plug automatically so as to remove the electrodesthereof out of the path of said lspray after ignition takes place, said spark plug having means associated therewith for biasing it to return to igniting position under the action of gravity when the burner is shut down.

7. In oil burning apparatus, a spray nozzle, a spark plug for igniting the fuel issuing therefrom, the electrodes of said, plug normally projecting into the path of said spray, a conduit for supplying air under pressure to said nozzle, a liuid pressure motor,

a. port providing communication between said conduit and said motor, a lever pivotallyl associated with said motor and actuated in one direction by the latter for elevating said plug so as to remove the electrodes thereof out of the path of said spray' after ignition takes place,.and a weight for moving said lever in the opposite direction when the burner is shutl downto thereby release the plug and permit it to return by gravity to igniting posltion.

8. The combination with the burner of an oil burning Vapparatus of the type having means for fsupplying at least one of the ingredients of the combustible fuel mixture to the burner under pressure and ignition means associated with the burner, of means controlled by the normal working pressure of said compressed ingredient for automatically removing said ignition means from the fuel mixture issuing from the burner after the fuel has been ignited and means for returning said ignition means to its normal igniting position when the burner is shut down.

49. The combination with the burner of an oil burning apparatus of ythe type having means'for supplying a combustible fuel mixture under pressure to the burner and ignition means associated with the burner, of-means controlled by the normal working. pressure existing in said means adjacent the burner when the latter isin operation and operating independently of the, heat of the burner for automatically removing said ignition means from said fuel'mixture within a short interthrough said burner has been started.

10. f In an oil burning apparatus,a burner of the type having means for supplying a combustible mixture thereto under pressure, a spark plug for igniting the com/bustible mixture issuing from the burner, the electrodes of said spark plug normally projecting into the path of the combustible mixture, means' controlled by the normal workinggpressure existing in said means when the apparatus is in operation for automatically removing said electrodes from the combustible mixture after the latter has been ignited, and means associated with said last mentioned means and actuated thereby for automatically controlling the flow of current to said spark plug.

11. In an oil burning apparatus, a burner of the type having means for supplying a combustible mixture thereto under ressure,

lmeans for igniting the combustible mixture issuing from the burner, means controlled by the pressure existing in said means when the apparatus is in operation for automatically removing said igniting means from said combustible mixturaat a predetermined time after a flow thereof through said burner has been started, and adjustable means for regulating the time required by the burner pressure controlled means to effe/ct removal of the ignition means from the combustible mixture.

12. In an apparatus of the class described a burner nozzle, air and fuel supply connections therefor, an igniter in operative relation to the'burner nozzle, means for supporting said igniter for movement into and out of the firing zone, a fluid pressure motor in communication 'with said air connection and operatively connected with the igniter for automatically moving the same out of the firing zone shortly after the air begins to flow to said burner and means for restoring the igniter to operative position when the air is shut off.

13. In an apparatus of the class described a burner nozzle, air' and fuel supply connections therefor, an igniter, means for support.

ing the igniter for movement into and out of the ring zone, va iiuid pressure motor operatively connected to the igniter and acting when operated to move the igniter out of the firing zone, means establishing communica-` tion kbetween the iiuid pressure motor and the air supply connection and having adjustable How control lmeans associated therewith whereby to regulate the time interval between the supply of air under pressure to the burner and the removal of the igniter from the firing zone, and means for restoring the igniter to operative position in the ring zone when the air is shut oif. l

14. An oil lburner comprising anoil-atomizing device, a movable igniter, a pneumatic device for controlling the movement of the lgnter, a source of air pressure for operating both devices and means for retarding the operation of the latter device.

In Witness whereof We hereto aHx our signatures.

HOMER S. ROGERS. RICHARD RADDATZ. 

